Liz is a medical writer and illustrator with an MSc in Medical Art and a BA in Medical Illustration focusing on pre-medical sciences. She has worked with healthcare professionals and educators globally creating anatomically accurate learning materials.
The Female Reproductive System
The female reproductive system produces the ova (eggs), sex hormones and helps to support the development of fertilised eggs. Important stages of reproduction and pregnancy occur within the structures of the female reproductive system.
External Organs of the Female Reproductive System
Vulva Anatomy
The vulva consists of the mons pubis, labia majora, labia minora, clitoris, vestibule, vestibular bulb and vestibular glands. The external female genitalia assist with reproduction, provide sexual pleasure and help to protect the internal female reproductive organs.
Anatomy Charts to Support Learning
To complement your study of the female reproductive system, our collection of high-quality anatomical posters offers accurate, detailed illustrations. These visual aids are an excellent resource for students, educators, and healthcare professionals who wish to enhance their understanding of female anatomy. Whether you're studying for exams or teaching in a clinical or academic setting, these charts make complex anatomical information more accessible and easier to retain.
Internal Organs of the Female Reproductive System
Vagina Anatomy
The vagina is a muscular tube which expands and contracts. The walls of the vagina are lines with mucous membrane which protect the vagina and maintains lubrication. The vagina provides a passageway for various processes to occur such as giving birth, menstruation and sexual intercourse.
Uterus Anatomy
The uterus is the part of the reproductive system that receives the fertilised ovum and supports development of the foetus during pregnancy. The uterus contains very strong muscles which expand and contract to help push the foetus out during childbirth.
There are three main parts of the uterus: the corpus, the isthmus, and the cervix. The corpus, also known as the body makes up the main part of the uterus. The base of the body is known as the fundus. The cervix is the lowest part of the uterus which connects the vagina to the uterus. The isthmus connects the corpus to the cervix.
Ovary Anatomy
The ovaries are located either side of the uterus attached by various ligaments their function is to produce and stores ova. When an ovum is released into the fallopian tube it is known as ovulation. The ovaries also release hormones necessary for reproduction, menstruation and puberty.
Explore Female Reproductive System Anatomy Models
Our anatomical models of the female reproductive system provide a hands-on, three-dimensional approach to learning. These models accurately depict key structures such as the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, and more, helping learners visualise spatial relationships and internal functions. Ideal for use in classrooms, clinics, and study environments, these physical models are particularly helpful when revising reproductive health.
How does the Menstruation Cycle Work?
The menstrual cycle is a natural cycle that occurs within the female reproductive system where an ovum is released and the lining of the uterus sheds due to the rise and fall of oestrogen. An average cycle lasts around 28 days. There are four main phases of the cycle which include menstruation, the follicular phase, ovulation and the luteal phase.
Menstruation is when the thickened lining of the uterus sheds when fertilisation does not take place. Cells from the lining of the uterus and blood pass through the vagina. This period can vary in length but usually lasts around one week.
The follicular phase begins on the first day of menstruation and ends when ovulation occurs. The hypothalamus which is part of the brain causes the pituitary gland to release the follicle-stimulating hormone. As a result, the ovary produces follicles, each follicle contains an immature ovum. The production of follicles helps the lining of the uterus to thicken which helps to prepare the uterus for pregnancy.
Ovulation occurs around day 14 of the cycle and is when a mature ovum is released from the ovaries. The follicle ruptures causing the ovum to be released and it is then transported into the fallopian tubes ready for fertilisation to occur.
The luteal phase is when the remains of the follicle turns into a structure called corpus luteum and begins to release progesterone and oestrogen which helps maintain thick lining of the uterus. If fertilisation occurs hormones are released to maintain corpus luteum. When fertilisation does not occur the corpus luteum dies which causes the lining of the uterus to shed due to the fall in progesterone levels.
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Visual Aids to better Understand Anatomy
Understanding anatomy can be far more effective with high quality visual tools. Our range of anatomical models, posters and revision guides allow students and professionals to deepen their understanding through visual and tactile learning. Whether you're preparing for an exam, teaching a class, or working in a clinical setting, our resources provide a practical and engaging way to study human anatomy.
